Strongly correlated electrons

To answer why matter behaves the way it does we need to understand how macroscopic physics emerges from the microscopic laws describing the motions of electrons and atoms. Naturally, things become interesting if particles interact strongly and their collective behavior is starkly different from the behavior of individual constituents. The strange laws of quantum mechanics describing electrons and atoms add some additional spice, but also complexity to this endeavor. I am studying fundamental models describing the physics of interacting electrons to understand how different states of matter emerge. This includes the stripe and pseudogap physics of the hole-doped Hubbard model at finite-temperature which I studied using a tensor network technique called METTS.

Superconductivity, charge density waves and antiferromagnetism are prominent features of cuprate high-temperature superconductors. The basic mechanisms of these materials are believed to be described by one of the most fundamental models in solid-state physics, the Hubbard model. While several analytical and numerical techniques approach the problem from the high-temperature limit, tensor network methods, like the density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) have been used to study ground state properties of the system. Even though tensor network methods alongside other approaches have closed in on an understanding of the ground state physics, finite-temperature extensions of tensor network methods have not yet been successfully applied to the Hubbard model. This is what I have now achieved in a recent work. By combining recent developments in tensor network approaches for imaginary time evolution with high-accuracy Krylov methods I demonstrated that controlled and accurate simulations of the strongly interacting Hubbard model at finite temperature and finite doping can be successfully performed. Our simulations using the so-called METTS method, give us access to study the entire temperature range from the high-temperature incoherent regime down to essentially ground state temperatures on cylindrical geometries up to sizes of \(32 \times 4\). Focusing on a particular hole-doping, we establish the onset temperature of the ground state stripe phase as shown in the figure below and discover a novel metallic phase above at higher temperatures strongly reminiscent of the pseudogap regime in cuprates.

Illustration stripe order at hole-doping \(p=1/16\) in the Hubbard model of high-temperature superconductors at interaction strength \(U/t=10\) and temperature \(T/t=0.025\).